Florida Department of Law Enforcement (FDLE) Practice Exam

What is required to prove a case that involves indirect evidence?

1. Clear proof of guilt

2. An inference or presumption

3. A confession

4. Witness testimony

The correct answer is: An inference or presumption

In cases that involve indirect evidence, what is essential is the establishment of an inference or presumption. Indirect evidence, also known as circumstantial evidence, requires the decision-maker to infer or deduce conclusions based on the provided evidence rather than direct proof of a fact. For example, if a person is seen near the scene of a crime around the time it occurred, this can lead to the inference that they may have been involved in the act, even if there is no direct evidence linking them to the crime itself. Thus, the ability to draw reasonable conclusions from indirect evidence is crucial to proving the case. The other options do not necessarily align with what is required to prove a case based on indirect evidence. Clear proof of guilt typically suggests direct evidence. A confession is a straightforward admission of guilt, and witness testimony provides direct accounts rather than drawing inferences from circumstantial evidence. Each of these focuses on more direct forms of evidence, whereas indirect evidence relies on the ability to make logical inferences.